New Criminal Laws 2024

Important Update

India's criminal justice system has undergone a complete overhaul. Three new laws have replaced the colonial-era IPC, CrPC, and Indian Evidence Act effective July 1, 2024.

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)

Replaces: Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860

The new criminal code defining offenses and punishments. Contains 358 sections (vs 511 in IPC) with modernized provisions for cyber crimes, organized crime, and terrorism.

New offense: Mob Lynching
New offense: Organized Crime
Snatching defined separately
Sedition replaced with new provision

Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS)

Replaces: CrPC, 1973

The new procedural code for criminal cases. Contains 531 sections with emphasis on technology, timelines, and victim rights.

Zero FIR mandatory
Video conferencing for trials
90-day chargesheet deadline
Forensic visit mandatory for 7+ yr offenses

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA)

Replaces: Indian Evidence Act, 1872

The new law of evidence. Contains 170 sections with provisions for electronic and digital evidence.

Electronic records as primary evidence
DNA evidence provisions
Video statements admissible
Joint trials for related offenses

Key Changes You Should Know

Timelines & Speed

Judgment within 45 days of trial completion
Chargesheet within 90 days (extendable to 180)
First hearing within 60 days of chargesheet

Technology Focus

E-FIR and Zero FIR mandatory
Video conferencing for court proceedings
Electronic evidence as primary evidence

Victim Rights

Victim's right to appeal
Progress updates to victims
Witness protection provisions

New Offenses

Mob Lynching (death penalty possible)
Organized Crime
Terrorism (comprehensive definition)